Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Health Behavior Change Sleep Deprivation - 949 Words

1. Identify Issue Health Behavior Change Sleep Deprivation is the issue that prevalent among university’s first year students. According to Hershner Chervin (2014) , half of the university respondents indicated daytimes sleepiness and 70% attain insufficient sleep . In order to maintain a good sleeping pattern , it is necessary to develop a good sleep hygiene. Good Sleep hygiene is defined as the ability to obtain good nighttime sleep and full daytime alertness ( National Sleep Foundation , 2016).In other words , an increase and regulation of daily amount of sleep are important. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (2012) stated that the recommended amount of sleep for adults is 7-8 hours a day. However , personally my weekday’s sleeping hours is approximately 5.5 hours everyday. Sleep Deprivation may trigger mood disturbance like depression and anxiety , decrease in academic performance due to reducing memory and concentration and increase calorie consumption (Trockel, Barnes, Egget, 2000).Moreover , the release of cortisol can depress the immune system which make oneself more vulnerable to illness like cold or fever and the increase of upper respiratory infections like headaches can also be seen in university student with sleep deprivation(Irwin, 2002). Importantly, more health consequences of sleep deprivation such as greater use of marijuana , smoking and alcohol abuse are germane to university students (Kloss et al., 2016). In order to prevent chronicShow MoreRelatedThe Dangers Of Lack Of Sleep Deprivation913 Words   |  4 Pagesof Lack of Sleep in Highschoolers Sleep deprivation in high school students is creating a long list of problems in their health and academic areas. Sleep deprivation has been linked to many different health effects, and a major cause of sleep deprivation in high schooler s is the start time of their first morning class. Many different studies have been conducted concerning start times in schools and the current time that schools begin classes, is wreaking havoc on student health. Sleep has been shownRead MoreSleep Deprivation On College Students1488 Words   |  6 Pages Sleep Deprivation in College Students Stress Management Betty Diaz August 14, 2017 Abstract A common problem in many young adults in college is sleep deprivation. College students are some of the most sleep deprived people. Their sleep hygiene behavior is worse than adults. An adequate amount of sleep time is 7 to 8 hours each night to complete a regular sleep cycle. When college students have less sleep time, they are disturbing their sleeping cycle and their bodies respond by decreasing theirRead MoreHealth Promotion And Disease Prevention Program Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesthat you will definitely make up for the lost sleep tomorrow, but it never happens. Though you condemn the alarm, or school, your health is your own responsibility, and that includes sleep. Sleep health has received national attention, with various studies evaluating sleep patterns of the nation, determining the consequences of inadequate sleep, and designating goals to meet in the future. The healthy people program, which in 2010 determined sleep-health a significant topic, intends to improve th isRead MoreAdolescents Today Face A Widespread Chronic Health Problem : Sleep Deprivation1566 Words   |  7 PagesAdolescents today face a widespread chronic health problem: sleep deprivation. Research shows that getting enough sleep is a biological necessity. Sleep is essential for a person’s health and wellbeing, according to the National Sleep Foundation (NSF). Teens are among those least likely to get enough sleep; while they need on average 9 1/4 hours of sleep per night for optimal performance and health and brain development, teens average fewer than 7 hours per school night, and most report feeling tiredRead MoreLegal Implications Of Medical Malpractice1494 Words   |  6 Pagesmalpractice claims have been increasing and the reason cited in the claims were â€Å"medical errors that was precipitated by physician and nurse fatigue (MEDSURG Nursing, 2005). Additional studies suggest that a medical provider that averaged 5 hours or less of sleep are more likely to hav e a serious medical error that could result in he or she being named in a malpractice claim (Owens, 2007). Malpractice claims could potentially put a financial burden on healthcare organizations which could result in poor patientRead MoreThe Effects of a Lack of Sleep734 Words   |  3 PagesInsomnia; is also known as a deficiency of sleep or sleep deprivation. People with this condition are apt to suffer from inadequate sleep and more likely to battle depression, have poor concentration, and be involved in an auto accident; from a lack of focus. These issues followed by prolonged periods of time; can cause a person some sort of health issues, whether mental or physical.(Harvard Medical School) Sleep deprivation alters the production and action of some hormones, dampening the secretionRead MoreSleep Deprivation And Its Effects On Society Essay1730 Words   |  7 Pageseffectiveness of those hours however, depend on effective rest. â€Å"Sleep is integral to the health and well-being of all people† (Wells 233). Sleep is simply defined as the body’s rest cycle – a time to recharge. The widely accepted metric for normal or sufficient sleep is about 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep. When this metric is not met, either through total sleep loss or accumulated sleep debt, the effect can be dire, â€Å"Sleep deprivation results in poor memorizing, schematic thinking, which yields wrongRead MoreSleeping Problems Of Children And Children1592 Words   |  7 PagesSleeping Problems in Children If you ask all the parents in the world about the cutest moment of their baby, the most common answers should be while the baby is sleeping. However, young children may demonstrate a variety of difficulties related to sleep. Millions of parent’s sleeping schedule are disordered by those lovely little nightmares. In this Inquiry essay, I have chosen to write about that what may cause sleeping problems on infants that also affect the parents. In the meantime, I will introduceRead MoreSleep Deprivation And The Use Of Technology1222 Words   |  5 PagesThe objective of this study is to conclude if there is a correlation between ADHD symptoms, depression, sleep deprivation and the use of technology. The participants in this study will be 200 male and female third, fourth and fifth grade students from all socioeconomic levels. These students will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: 1) the majority of classroom assignments completed using technology 2) technology is not us ed to complete schoolwork. Data will be collected from parents andRead MoreStress Management : My Area Of Weakness1639 Words   |  7 Pageshave not occurred. As a result, perfectionism, sleep deprivation, worrying and overreacting are areas that I pretend to improve by applying a behavior modification plan embedded with relaxation techniques as well as a relapse plan to acquire stress management while improving peace of mind and avoiding health problems linked to stress. Finding out that stress management is one of the areas to be improved was not difficult after tabulating my health fitness assessment data because comparing my normative

Friday, May 15, 2020

German Influence in Mexican Music

Could an instrumental German polka band piece, or what seems to be one, may in fact not be a German song at all but a Mexican one? Wait for the words...Yes it could! The music you hear is a Mexican polka style of music known as norteà ±o. Mexican Music Style Influenced by Germans Music from the northern part of Mexico, norteà ±o, meaning  northern, or  mà ºsica norteà ±a, northern music, was influenced by German settlers in Texas around 1830. It is no coincidence that some types of Mexican music have the German polka oom-pah-pah influence. Migration Phenomenon There was a large migration of Germans to southern Texas from the 1830s to the 1840s. According to the Texas State Historical Association, the largest ethnic group in Texas born in Europe or whose parents came from Europe hailed from Germany. By 1850, Germans made up more than 5 percent of the entire population of Texas. This part of Texas  became known as the German Belt. At that time, as it is now, the Rà ­o Grande marked a political and geographical divide more than a cultural one. The musical style and even the instruments of the German immigrants were adopted and became popular among those of Mexican heritage. One of the most influential musical instruments of the Germans musical style, the accordion, became especially popular and was frequently used in dance music such as waltzes and polkas. Modernization of Norteà ±o The popularity of norteà ±o  among Mexican-Americans spread in the 1950s and overlapped with popular American styles of rock and roll and swing. This overlapping of musical styles became known as tejano, literally the Spanish word for Texan, or more appropriately, Tex-Mex, a blending of the two cultures. A conjunto norteà ±o, or norteà ±o  ensemble, features the accordion along with the bajo sexto, which is a Mexican instrument similar to a 12-string guitar. Over time, norteà ±o  mixed with other music styles to form unique Mexican music styles, including  quebradita, which is a style that is heavy on the horns, banda, a  style  similar to the polka, and  ranchera, a traditional Mexican music genre. Influence on Mariachi  and Mainstream Music The norteà ±o  musical style influenced music from other regions of Mexico, such as what is probably the most widely-recognizable form of Mexican music, the mariachi music from the Guadalajara region. Norteà ±o or  tejano-style music is nearly always performed in Spanish, even by Mexican-Americans who speak primarily English. For example, native Texan and Spanish-English crossover artist Selena sang in Spanish before she could properly speak Spanish. For Selena, later known as the Queen of Tejano Music, the competition was less fierce in the Mexican music market compared to the American music market. She rode  the Mexican music market to fame and ranks as one of the most influential Latin musicians of all time. The norteà ±o or  tejano-style genre in the United States is often erroneously viewed as synonymous with Hispanic music, but it is just a type of Spanish-language music and represents only one genre of Mexican music. Mexican music is incredibly diverse and Spanish-language music is even more diverse, spanning many continents and representing different nationalities around the world.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Three Philosophies Of China - 1097 Words

Religions Essay Mrs. Johnson Tue, Jan 31st Religion organizes society; it controls our daily life and can be the breaking or making point of a society. The three Philosophies of China consist of Legalism, Daoism, and Confucianism, but only one Philosophy surpasses all others, Confucianism. Legalism is one of the strictest ways of ruling. Han Fei Zi founded legalism; he believed that there was only one way to obtain order in a society; this was through learning from your mistakes. Although the punishments were cruel and caused many to suffer, it also provided obedience from citizens. (Johnson) Legalism was based off of three strict guidelines: Fa, Shi, and Shu. Fa states that authority should not be used through†¦show more content†¦Daoism’s main focus is the Dao. The Dao is near impossible to describe in words therefore it is represented by the Yin and Yang symbol. The Yin and Yang symbol represent balance within the universe. The Yin and Yang may be one the most important ideas in Daoism. (Johnson) The following quotation represents this extremely important idea: â€Å"When everyone in the world sees beauty, then ugly exists.† – Lao Tzu. (The Tao Theme) This quotation is definitely representing the Yin and Yang. The Yin and Yang are both symbols that are harmonic and cannot exist without one another. The Yin represents darkness and the Yang represents the light. You cannot know what darkness is until you have experienced light, therefore the Yin and Yang wouldn’t exist without one another. Just like ugly wouldn’t exist without beauty, as shown in the quotation. (Yin, Yang Theory) Daoism was not the only successful philosophy, so was Confucianism. Confucianism is by far one of the best beliefs and shows many important aspects of life. A Philosopher named Kong Qiu first started Confucianism. Kong Qiu is better known by the name, Confucius. Confucius was born in 551 B.C and he saw that the world was filled with too much sorrow; therefore he came up with the philosophy of Confucianism. Confucius believed that his philosophy would impact all of China and would restore humanity, and it did. Later on Confucius’s teachings had become a governmentShow MoreRelatedChinese Philosophy Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesThree areas of philosophy emerged amidst the chaos and constant warring of the Zhou era. The three were called Confucianism, Daoism, and legalism. They were Chinese philosophies that were thought to be the best ways to rule and achieve order in the society. Confucianism believed that a ruler s job was to set a good example, and not order. Since people were thought of as naturally good, they would following the right pat h based on their own conscience. Legalism was a more harsh way of ruling, ledRead MoreAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Essay1008 Words   |  5 PagesAncient China Versus Ancient Greece Ancient China and Ancient Greece were two vastly different civilizations with different cultures; they shared a multitude of similar political, economic, and philosophical achievements while also inholding multiple differences. The centralized government of China differed from the independent city-states of Athens. A similarity that both civilizations held in regards to politics would be the role, or lack thereof one, that women played within their respectiveRead MoreThe Chaos and Division of Asias History Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesAsian history lead a unified conclusion that the past (history) of Asia was characterized with chaos and internal divisions. â€Å"China, once again entered an era of divisiveness and chaos. Competing warlords dominated China for the next 350 years† (The Golden Age of China: 79). China is a perfect symbol of Asia’s history because if studied from the past, the history of China demonstrates how divisions took place in the countryâ€℠¢s political and economic spheres. China’s history reveals how the religionRead MoreEssay on Ancient Chinese Civilization1149 Words   |  5 PagesChina has had many changes throughout its history. China unlike many other countries had the opportunity to grow with minimal outside interference. Due to this they created unique Chinese philosophy, writing, and government. There are two other countries that China greatly influenced. These countries are Vietnam, Korea, and Japan. China was one of the few countries in the world that grew with minimal interference from its outside neighbors. The reason for this is due to China’s geography. One ofRead MoreChallenges Faced By The Multinational Organizations1396 Words   |  6 Pageschallenges faced by the multinational organization while doing business in the international market. To discuss the challenges, the report selects the developing country-China and highlights the challenges that the multinational organizations can face if they are thinking of expanding in China. NEW TRENDS OF MULTINATIONALS IN CHINA Multinational organizations as per the comparison predominance which distinctive host nation in the skilled, strength of technical skills and in the infrastructure of scientificRead MoreThe Life and Work of Confucius Philosophy Essay Confucius1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Life And Work Of Confucius Philosophy Essay Confucius (551 – 479 BCE), was a thinker, political figure, educator and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucius was born at Shang-ping, in the country of Lu. His given name was Kong, but his disciples called him Kong-fu-tse, (i.e. Kong the Master, or Teacher.) His father passed away when he was only three years old. Confucius mother Yan-she raised him. During his younger years Confucius showed a love of learning, and an expression ofRead MoreExamples Of Legalism During The ChIn Dynasty And Confucianism1538 Words   |  7 PagesBelief systems are philosophies or religions that influence people’s lives. Many philosophies throughout the history of China have greatly influenced the daily lives of it’s people. Chinese philosophies held many important beliefs that both positively and negatively impacted the daily lives of China’s people. Two examples of these philosophies and their impact on the people of China’s daily lives are Legalism during the Ch’in dynasty, and Confucianism during the Han Dynasty. Legalism during theRead MoreRole of Ethics in Financial, Environmental, and Cultural Issues: Case Study of China, Jamaica, and America984 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study Given the current pressures on China, Jamaica, and America expressed in the article, one would anticipate that ethics would play different roles in the financial, environmental, and cultural issues for each of the three countries. However, in the case study, it does not appear that the people from the three different countries really take different approaches to most ethical scenarios. In fact, the decisions made by people in all three countries were very similar. There was one significantRead MoreEssay on Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism1038 Words   |  5 PagesThe relationship among the three has been marked by both competition and complementation in history, with Confucianism playing a more dominant role. Confucianism emphasized a reiteration of current moral values and Taoism developed a system of based upon a harmonization of man with the natural order. These two popular philosophies, however, developed into popular religions eventually. Besides the major religions, ancestor worship and animism also have strong support in China. Chinese people are veryRead MoreLegalism, Taoism, and Confucianism in Ancient China1049 Words   |  4 PagesLegalism, Taoism, and Confucianism in Ancient China Philosophies dictate the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of individuals or groups, even entire civilizations. Since the beginning of time there has been great debate among men over which philosophies to live life by. The list of philosophies that exist in the world today is nearly endless, making it difficult to decide which one is the most suitable to live by. Ancient China was arguably among one of the most philosophical cultures

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Stop WestConnex Camp Established and Stops Bulldozers

Question: Discuss about the Report for Stop WestConnex of Camp Established and Stops Bulldozers. Answer: Is the Community justified in protesting against the plans of WestConnex to construct multiple lane toll roads surrounding Sydney Park and appropriateness of the strategy for resisting the change? Introduction Today we are living in an era where unprecedented expansion of highways and roads is taking place. It is an era where several of the last tropical wildernesses of the world, right from the Amazon to the Congo Basin are being increasingly penetrated by roads. Such a surge in building roads and highways is being driven not only with the view to expand the infrastructure but also for obtaining minerals, gas, oil and timber for industrial usage (Environment 360, 2012). An example of this can be seen in our won country also where plans have been made by WestConnex to obtain huge swathes of parkland which belongs to the Sydney Park and then construct multiple lane toll roads surrounding it. However, there is an increasing awareness among the community to save our natural environment due to which it is coming together for fighting this plan and resisting the changes that it will bring about. Justification for the Resistance by the Community Parks are among the vital resources for any community and they provide assistance to the people in bringing about improvements in their health (Bedimo-Rung et al., 2005) (Mowen, Kaczynski, Cohen, 2008). Parks also provide the people with a safe place wherein they can take walks, engage in socialising activities with their friends and even involve themselves in playing different types of sports. A number of studies which have been carried out in the past have revealed that a growing number of people are taking part in recreational activities outdoors in the parks (Cordell et al., 2008). Additionally, it will end up destroying the fauna and flora of the parks, thus disturbing the ecosystem. If these parks are destroyed for the purposes of building roads, people will not be able to engage in the above activities and also lose a variety of fauna and flora. This is particularly true in the case of the Sydney Park it will signify that large eucalypts stand along with various other native species in the park will be uprooted and the local fauna which includes two Tawney Frogmouth owls that nest in the trees would be displaced. Hence, an aggressive policy is needed for a future that is not only more sustainable but also greener. This can be achieved by protecting our parks as well as open spaces. I feel the community has taken the correct step in rallying together to protect the Sydney Park. Australia seems to have a hideously inefficient, gamblers addiction to roads and this is. Although, this statement was made in an Australian report on infrastructure recently, the Liberal-National Government of NSW is leading the pack with the likes of NorthConnex, WestConnex amd others to build roads by destroying the parks. We are all aware of the fact that the massive motorways with multiple lanes and toll roads will not be able to provide a solution to the transport problems but they will end up creating a higher degree of air pollution and also go on to enhance congestion by induction of increased traffic and will ultimately lead to massive devastation of the environment by destroying the precious wetlands, bushlands and green spaces. This will not only cause a loss of trees along with the urban green canopies that are much required in a world that is climate constrained. It will also exacerbate climate change by increasing emissions of greenhouse gases from the increased number of cars that will be plying on the roads. Therefore, it is very essential for the people to come together and protest in order to save the Sydney Park from destruction. (Alcock, 2015) A report released by OECD in 2014 had estimated that the largest cause of premature deaths is air pollution and nearly 50% of these deaths that were a result of outdoor air pollution which was mainly due to road transport (OECD, 2016). The deaths related to air pollution however, declined in many OECD nations but an increase of 68% was registered in Australia (OECD, 2016). In the case of the Sydney Park also, the growth of infrastructure will have adverse consequences. WestConnex tunnel stacks will make additions to nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter and toxic carbon monoxide that will spew into the areas that are densely populated. Geotechnical drilling in order to search for water pipes and electrical cables underground on the Euston Road for constructing compound is being planned. The site is also expected to be accommodating heavy vehicles and will be worsening the areas problems regarding traffic congestion (Stop WestConnex, 2016). Most of the vehicles are expected to continue using the Parramatta road as well as other local roads even after the widening of the road and levying tolls. Even if the tunnels are used, all the vehicles will be exiting the tunnels to join the local streets that are already congested, bringing traffic to a standstill. This will lead to further increase in congestion. All these suggest that there is no justification of building a motorway by destroying the Sydney Park and people are right in putting up a resistance. (The Greens, 2016) Appropriateness of the Strategy adopted for Resistance The discussion carried out above shows that the changes are being proposed in the Sydney Park just for the fulfilment of the narrow mandates of the political parties and they are not at all justified. The transport plan of the Government is not after all a transport plan and the planning as well as implementation would have been considered appropriate if the focus would have been on building a multi-modal transport which was climate friendly so that the city could be made livable and sustainable. Here roads are being built by WestConnex just for the purpose of building more roads and the addiction of the Government to build roads. The private toll companies and along with the inmates that they have in the Liberal Party will be the only winners. The environment is being destroyed and taxpayers money worth billions of dollars is being used for enhancing the profits which the private companies earn. The community and not the politicians will end up paying a heavy price for this. The com munity is correct in coming together and resisting these changes (The Greens, 2016). (The Greens, 2016) The strategy that the community members along with the anti-WestConnex local campaigners have adopted is to camp on the site and protest. Their campaign was supported by Jenny Leong, the Greens MP from Newtown and Clover Moore, the Lord Mayor of Sydney. Together they stopped the first bulldozer from causing destruction to the Sydney park. They established a protest campsite. However, this was raided later at 3am in the night by WestConnex and Redfern police and the protestors were pulled out even though they had been given assurance that they would not be pulled out during the night. However, this has not deterred the people from protesting and the camp is increasing with more people joining the protest. The community has been protesting in a peaceful manner. They put up a camping blockade of 24 hours for stopping the work that was linked to the interchange of WestConnex as St. Peters (ORourke, 2016). The protestors also vowed that they will camp for eight weeks for stopping the Sydn ey Motorway Corporation from removing numerous mature trees for widening the road on the Sydney Parks Eastern side. Such a peaceful protest does not cause harm to anyone (Welsh, 2010). On the other hand it also achieved the objective of stopping the WestConnex bulldozers from destroying the park. According to me, adoption of peaceful means is the best way of protesting against a wrong-doing. (Saulwick, 2015) Conclusion The construction of the multiple lane toll road surrounding the Sydney Park will not only destroy the beauty of the park but also destroy and displace the flora and fauna of the park. This will disturb the ecosystem. Additionally, the construction will lead to an increase in pollution as well as congestion in the area. Such a type of construction is not sustainable and will be benefitting only the private companies who will be earning increased profits. The community will not be deriving any benefits from it. Therefore, there is a need to build road transport and infrastructure that is sustainable and which has the ability of making the city more livable. The community is doing the correct thing in rallying against WestConnex so that the Sydney Park can be protected and the people can be saved from increased traffic and pollution. The resistance is being put up in a peaceful manner which is a very good strategy in itself and such efforts are needed for the successful achievement of t he community objectives. (O'Connor, L., 2015) Bibliography Alcock, J., 2015. WestConnex protest brings 1500 Newtown locals out to voice their objections. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/westconnex-protest-brings-1500-newtown-locals-out-to-voice-their-objections-20150201-13322y.html [Accessed 18 October 2016]. Bedimo-Rung, A.L., Mowen, A.J. Cohen, D.A., 2005. The significance of parks to physical activity and public health: a conceptual model. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, pp.159-68. Cordell, H.K., Berz, C.J. G.T., G., 2008. Nature-based outdoor ecreation trends and wilderness. International Journal of Wilderness, pp.7-13. Environment 360, 2012. As Roads Spread in Rainforests. [Online] Available at: https://e360.yale.edu/feature/as_roads_spread_in_tropical_rain_forests_environmental_toll_grows/2485/ [Accessed 11 October 2016]. Mowen, A., Kaczynski, A. Cohen, D.A., 2008. The potential of parks and recreation in addressing physical activity and fitness. Pres Counc Phys Fit Sports Res Dig. , pp.1-7. ORourke, J., 2016. Clover Moore supports protesters at 24-hour-a-day camping blockade to stop work linked to WestConnex interchange at St Peters. News Local, 19 September. O'Connor, L., 2015. Protesters: Monster motorway will destroy King Street. [Online] Available at: https://www.altmedia.net.au/west-connex-sydney-park/102407 [Accessed 18 October 2016]. OECD, 2016. The Cost of Air Pollution: Health Impacts of Road Transport. OECD. OECD, 2016. The economic consequences of outdoor air pollution. [Online] OECD Available at: https://www.oecd.org/environment/indicators-modelling-outlooks/Policy-Highlights-Economic-consequences-of-outdoor-air-pollution-web.pdf [Accessed 11 October 2016]. Saulwick, J., 2015. Builders locked in for St Peters WestConnex motorway interchange. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/nsw/builders-locked-in-for-st-peters-westconnex-motorway-interchange-20150902-gjdgee.html [Accessed 18 October 2016]. Stop WestConnex, 2016. News: Sydney Park protest camp established and stops bulldozers. [Online] Available at: https://www.stopwestconnex.org.au/sydney_park_protest_camp_stops_bulldozers [Accessed 11 October 2016]. The Greens, 2016. Save Sydney Park Festival. [Online] Available at: https://nsw.greens.org.au/event/nsw/save-sydney-park-festival [Accessed 18 October 2016]. The Greens, 2016. SPEECH TO WESTCONNEX: DRIVING SYDNEY TO DESTRUCTION. [Online] Available at: https://www.mehreenfaruqi.org.au/speech-to-westconnex-driving-sydney-to-destruction/ [Accessed 11 October 2016]. The Greens, 2016. Stop WestConnex. [Online] Available at: https://nsw.greens.org.au/stop-westconnex [Accessed 18 October 2016]. Welsh, I., 2010. Strategies for Resistance and Change. [Online] Available at: https://www.ianwelsh.net/strategies-for-resistance-and-change/ [Accessed 11 October 2016].